Vessel-bulkhead.



A. HUGE.

VESSEL BULKHEAD.

APPLICATION FILED DEC.2l-19l5.

Patented Apr. 17, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

FIG, 6..

ALI-"IL".

-A. HOGG.

VESSEL BULKHEAD.

APPLICATION mm DEC.21, I915- Patented Apr. 17, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- A. HOGG. VESSEL BULKHEAD.

APPLICATION FILED Dc.2l. 1915. 2

Patented Apr. 17, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIG 4.

I ORI @044 I) A. HOGG.

VESSEL BULKHEAD.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-2h I915.

PatentedApr. 17, 1917.

v f J 1* H I 6 ll H all J 5):: a a

- A/ YEA 70f?! ATTY STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ABOHDALD HOGG, O! WALKER, IKEwGASTLE-UZPO N-I'YNE, ENGLAND.

vnssnL-nunxnmn.

322.3 1 Specification of s... Patent. P t t d A 17, 1917, r Application filed December 21, 1815. Serial No 67,907. To all whoms'tmay concern: ble for the bulkheads to be connected to the Be it known that I, ARCHIBALD Hose, a subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at 80 Welbeck road, west,

Walker, Newcastle-upon 1 Tyne, England, 'have invented new and useful Improvements in Ves'sel-Bulkheads, of. which the following isa specification.

This invention'relates to bulkheads for ships and other floating structures. The ob ject of this invention is to provide an improved construction of bulkhead whereby a saving in the quantity of material employed lsefl'ectedwithout detracting from the stren -h of the structure.

A bul ead made in accordance with this invention is composed partly of flat plates and partly of plates-which are curved. The curved plates arec'urved in reversed directions and disposed between the flat plates, '-the crests and valleys of the curved plates "1 lying parallel with the long ways of the flat plates, the whole being supported along its boundary connections by angle bars, said boundary angle bars following the undulations on 'one side of the bulkhead from corner to corner. v

Strong supports adapted to follow the undulations of the curved plates may be placed beln 1 against.

transversely of the crests and vallevs of the curved plates and are connected to the "plating of the bulkhead and to the main structure ofthe hull of the ship or other float ing structure, and when a longitudinal bulkheadends against 'or crosses a transverse bulkhead a flat plate is disposed in the transverse bulkhead for the other to butt I have. found that eat eiiiciency can be obtained when the pfi tes are bent to very flat curves'and the arc of each curved plate limited "to not more than one third of 'a circle.

'In bulkheads made in accordance with this invention the plates are curved .to a

minimum radius of about 20 inches and a 4 maximumradiusbf about 72 inches. .The

width distance between the crests of the plate ,curves is at the veryleast about 4 timesthe depth distance-from crest t'o crest, two plates ..In a bulkhead constructed with plates bent to such flat ea .curves as in accordance with-this invent on it becomes easily possiv employed depem li usually required to complete awidth the width distance a ways exceeds four times 'equa to that between two crests. l

head, may -be ez ectively employed in bulkheads made tion. e

I have found that excellent results are obtained when-t me width distance from crest to crest is from 8 feet to 10 feet 6 inches, andthe depth distance from crest to reversed, crest is f1 0m 16 to 20 inches, and that the supports may be disposed from 7 feet to 21 feet apart. depending on the size and type of bulkhead. Y

in accordance with this inven- For dry cargo ships the-supports may be disposed about 1.5 feet apart, but may vary from 10 feet to 21 feet and the width distance of the cur ed plates may conveniently be about 8 feet apart from crest "to crest with a depth distance of about 17 inches from crest to re versed crest; the exact-dimensions would ofcourse depend upon conditions, but'in all cases the 'widthldistance between adjacent curve crests would exceed four times the depth distance from crest to rexiersed crest; 1 d

igure 1 o t is .accompanyin rawin represents aba'sis curve'for such bulkheafs the radius of which isyili inches, the distance (marked or) between the points where l the curve cuts 1 he base line. 1s 50 inches, which distance is equalto half that between two crests, and t] is distance (marked 3 between a crest or reversed crest and the base line is 8% inches. Each arc is less than one third of the circumferenceof a circle. For liquid cargo ships the supports would be only 6fto 10 feet apart and the width distance of the curves about 10 feet from' crest to crest and about 20 inches deep from crest to reversed crest, the actual dimensions upon conditions, but

the depth distance; a Fig. 2 of the-drawings represents a basis curve for such bulkheads, the radius of which is 50 inches, the distance (marked as) between the points where the curve cuts the base line is 60 inches, which distance is equal to half that between two crests, and the distance (marked 3 between a crest or reversed crest and the baseline is 10 inches.

Here again, each arc is less than one third of the circumference of a circle.

Fig. 3, is a half sectional elevation of a ship for carrying liquid cargoes, and shows a transverse bulkhead constructed and connected to the hull and to a fore and aft bulkhead, both in accordance with this invention,'the undulations of the transverse bulkhead plating being vertical and that of the fore and aft bulkhead being horizontal. Fig. .4 is a plan view of the bulkheadsshown in Fig. 3, and shows the outline of the horizontal support in the lower part of the transverse bulkhead.

5 is .a half sectional elevation of a F1 ship %or carryin general cargoes and shows a transverse bul head constructed and connected to the hull in accordance with this invention, the undulations of the plating behorizontal.

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation at right angles to Fig. 5 and'shows the outline of the vertical support.

Fig. 7 is a similar view to Fig. 3 and shows diagrammatically a construction in which an additional horizontal support is used in the lower portion of the bulkhead.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are diagrammatic half elevations showing constructions where one,

two, or three horizontal supports are used.

Fig. 11 is" a 'diagrammatlc elevation showa construction in which three fore and a t bulkheads are used. 4

12 is a half sectional elevation showa construction where the dimensions at the'bulkheads one we are relatively small. In all'the fi res li e marks of reference aroused to in icate like parts. Figs. 3-and 4 show the'application' of this invention to the bulkheads in shipsintended I for the carriage of liquid cargoes andwhich.

are constructed 'on'- the longitudinal framing system. 'ais the hullof the ship, 6 the transverse bulkhead, and c thefore and aft bulkhead. The flat parts of the transverse-bulk-v head are marked 1 and 2, the curved plates marke '3 and are in this case curved to a.

. the flat plates transverse bul sad is supported on or by formin the remainder of the bulkhead are radius of about 50 inches, the spacing from center to center of the crests of the curves, marked 4 (Fig. 1), is a multi le "of. the

spacing, marked 5. (Fig. 3), o the hull 1 framing of the bottom of the ship, say four times. The curved: plates are connected to flanged joints. The whole the boundary angle bars, marked 6, including angle bars'14 connecting the transverse bu kh ead b to the fore and aft bulkhead c,

L at intervals of and on or by the strong horizontal supports marked 7 and 8. In some cases an additional support would be used in the lower portion of the transverse bulkhead b, as indicated at 9 in Fig. 7, and in other cases when there is no expansion trunkway (Figs. 3 and 7), there may be from one to three horizonta supports 7 8, 9, as indicated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10. The boundary connectingi angles 6 are continuous and follow the un ulations from corner to corner of the bulkhead and form a four-sided frame construction. The short angles, marked 6 (Fig. 3), are for the purpose of attaching to the usual connecting bracket plates of the ion tudinal framing of the main hull which are not shown in the drawings as theyform no part of my invention.

Fi s. 3 and 4 also show the ap lication of this -invention to the fore and a 'middle line bulkhead c in a shi for carrying liquid cargoes, the flat parts 0 which bulkhead are marked 10 and 11. The curved plates are marked 12 and 13 and are curved to radii of about 50 and 26 inches respectively. The whole fore and aft bulkhead is supported on or by the boundary connecting angles, marked 14, and on stron vertical supports marked 15 (Fig. 4) whic would be spaced mm 8 to 11 feet, depending on the general design of the ships main framing, of which these supports form a part. The boundary connecting angles 14- are continuous, and follow the undulations from corner to corner of thefore and aft bulkhead. In some cases the flat part 10 may be dispensed with. In cases where there is more than one fore and aft bulkhead a, there would be a fiat. part 2 in the transverse bulkhead b in the way of eachfore and aft bulkhead, as inmension, one way of the bulkheads is rela- 7, 8, 9 of the transverse bulkhead 6 maybe dis en'sed with as shown-by Fi 12.

he overlaps at the edges 0 the plates forming the bulkheads may be placed at any part of the curve of said plates, though generally they would be sit or at the pint of the two' curves as illustrated or at the middle of a crest. Figs. 5 an'd6 show the'application of this invention to the bulkheads in a ship intended for the carriage of d cargoes, and which have double bottom tan e. The flat parts in the drawings,

dicated in Fig. 11-. In cases where the ditively small, the strong horizontal supports of the transverse bulkhead b are marked 1 angle bars marked 6, and on strong vertical supports marked 15, the boundary connecting angles'being continuous and. follow' the undulations from corner to. corner o the bulkhead.

-What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is p r w 1. A bulkhead construction for shi s comprising a transverse bulkhead form of flat plates and curved plates disposed so that the curves of adjacent plates are reversed, the

flat plates lying at the edges of the bulkhead,

parallel with the crests and valleys of the curved plates, the arc of each plate curve being limited in extent to not more than one third of a circle and the width distance between adjacent curve crests exceeding four times the depth distance from crest to reversed crest, flanged joints between said flat 'lates and curved plates, and a continuous our-sided boundary frame comprising at least one angle bar, two sides of said frame being formed with broad shallow undula- .tions which enter the undulations of the curved plates ofthe bulkhead, said frame being attached on all four sides both to the bulkhead and to the hull of the ship, all as set forth in the specification.

2. A bulkhead construction for ships com prising a transverse bulkhead formed of flat plates and curved plates disposed so that the curves of adjacent plates are reversed, the flat plates lying at the edges of the bulkhead parallel with the crests and valleys of the. curved plates, the arc of each plate curve being limited in extent to not more than one third of a circle and the width distance between adjacent curve crests exceeding four times the depth distance from crest to reversed crest, flanged joints between said flat lates and curved plates, and a continuous our-sided boundary frame comprising at least one angle bar, two sides of said framebeing formed with broad shallowundulations which enter the undulations of the curved plates of the bulkhead, said frame bein attached onall four sides both to the bulk sad and tothe hullof the ship, and not less than one support placed transversely of the crests and-valleys, of the curvedplates, said su port entering the undulations thereof and ing connected to the plating of the transverse bulkhead and thehulljof the ship,

all as set forth in the specification.

a 3. A bulkhead construction for ships comprising a transverse bulkhead formed of flat plates and curved plates disposed so that the curves of ad'acent plates are reversed, the

fiat plates, lying intermediate of the curved plates and at the edges of the bulkhead par, allel with the crests and valleys of the" curved plates, the arc of each plate curve being limited in extent to not more than one third of a circuit and the width distance between adjacent curve crests exceeding four times the depth distance from'crest to re versed crest, flanged joints between said fiat lates and curved'plates, and a continuous our-sided boundary frame comprlsmg at least one angle bar, two sides ofsaid frame specification.

being formed with broad shallow undulations which enter the undulations of the curved plates" of the bulkhead, said frame being attach ed .on-;all four-sides both .to the bulkhead and to the hull of' the ship, and a longitudinal bulkhead abutting lates of said against the intermadiate flat transverse'bulkhead, said longitudinal bulkhead being formedof flat plates and'curved plates of the same limited curvature as the curved lates of said transverse bulkhead, flange and curved plates of the longitudinal bulkhead, and means for attaching the longitudia nal bulkhead to the transverse bulkhead and 4. A bulkhead cc nstruction for shi s comprising a transvers a bulkhead form curves of adjacent plates are reversed, the flat plateslymg intermediate of the curved platesand at the edges of the bulkhead parallel with the crests and valleys of the curved plates, the arc of each plate curve bein lim ted in cm at to not more than one thlrd of a circle at. d the width distance between adjacent C11! ve crests exceeding four times the depth distance from crest to reversed crest, flangeil joints between said flat plates and curved plates, and a continuous four-sided boundai y;. frame comprising at least one angle her; two sides of said frame being formed with broad shallow undulastions which enter the undulations of the curved plates of the bulkhead, said framebein attached on all four sides both to the bul ead and to thehull of the ship, and a longitudinal-bulkhead abutting against the intermediate fiat plates of sa1d transverse: bulkhead, said longitudinal bulkhead being formed of flat plates and curved plates of tothe hull of the ship, all as set forth in the joints between the flat plates of flat plates and curved p lates disposed so that the 35 the same limited curvature as the curved.

plates of said transverse bulkhead, flanged joints between the hat plates and curved plates of l the longitudinal bulkhead, and

means for attaching the longitudinal bulkhead to the transverse bulkhead and to the hull of the ship, a1 .d not less than one sup port placed transv arsely of the crests and valleys of the curved plates, said support entering the undulations thereof and bein connected to the plating of the longitudina bulkhead and the hull of the ship, all as set forth in the specification.

5 A bulkhead co astruction for ships comprising a transverse bulkhead formed of flat curves of adjacent plates are reversed, the flat plates lying intermediate of the curved plates and at the ,ed ges of the bulkhead parplates and-curved plates disposed so that the allel with the crests and valleys of the' curved plates, the are of each plate curve being limlted in exte: it to not more than one third of a circle and the width distance between adjacent curve crests exceeding four' times the depth-distance from crest to reversed crest, flanged joints between said flat plates and curved plates, and a continuous four-sided boundary frame comprising at least one angle bar, two sides of said frame being formed with broad shallow undulations which enter the undulations of the curved plates of the bulkhead, saidframe bein attached on all four sides both to the bulk ead and to the hull of the ship, and

not less than one support placed trans versely of the crests and valleys of the curved plates, said support entering the undulations thereof and bein connected to the platin of the transverse ulkhead and the hull o the ship, and a longitudinal bulkhead abutting against the intermediate fiat plates of said transverse bulkhead, said longitudinal bulkhead bein formed of flat plates and curved platesof t e same limited curvature as the curved plates of said transverse bulkhead, fianged joints between the flat plates and curved plates of the longitudinal bulkhead, and means for attaching the longitudinal bulkhead to the transverse bulkhead and to thehull of the ship, all as set forth in the specification. v i

6. A bulkhead construction for ships comprising a transverse bulkhead formed of'flat plates and curved plates disposed so that the curves of ad'acent plates are reversed, the flat plates lymg intermediate of the curved plates and at the edges of the bulkhead parallel with the crests and valleys of the curved plates, the'arc of each plate curve bein linnted in extent to not more than one thlrd of a circle and the width distance between adjacent curve crests exceeding four dina times the depth distance from crest to reversed crest, flanged joints between said flat plates and curved plates, and a continuous four-sided boundary frame comprising, at

least one angle bar, two sides of said frame being formed with broad shallow undulations which enter the undulations of the curved plates of the bulkhead, said frame bein attached on all four sides both to the bulkhead and to the hull of the ship, and not less than one support placed transversely of the crests and valleys of the curved plates, said support entering the undulations thereof and bein connected to the plating of the transverse fiulkhead and the ull of the ship, and a longitudinal bulkhead abutting against the intermediate flat plates of said transverse bulkhead, said longitudinal bulkhead bein formed of flat plates and curvedplates of t e same limited curvature as the curved plates of 'said transverse bulk- "head, flan ed joints between the flat plates and curve plates of the longitudinal bulkheadi and means for attaching the lon 'tuand to the hull of the ship, and not,less than one support placed transversely of the crests and valleys of the curved plates, said suport entering the undulations thereof and ing connected to the platin of the longitudinal bulkhead and the hul of the ship,

all as set forth in the specification.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

- ARCHIBALD HOGG.

Witnesses:

HERBERT HOWABD, Gnome Fonsma. v

bulkhead to the transverse bulk ead 

